Perianal conditions affect the area around the anus and rectum. These conditions can cause significant discomfort and pain, impacting daily activities and quality of life.
Common Perianal Conditions
Haemorrhoids
Haemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen blood vessels in the rectum or anus. They can cause pain, itching, and bleeding during bowel movements.
Anal Fissures
Anal fissures are small tears in the lining of the anus, often resulting from passing large or hard stools. They can cause severe pain and bleeding during and after bowel movements.
Perianal Abscesses
A perianal abscess is a collection of pus near the anus or rectum, usually caused by an infection of the anal glands. It can cause intense pain, swelling, and fever.
Symptoms of Perianal Conditions
- Pain during bowel movements
- Swelling and tenderness around the anus
- Bleeding during or after bowel movements
- Itching or irritation in the anal area
- Fever and chills (in the case of abscesses)
Diagnosis of Perianal Conditions
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and may include the following:
- Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) – A healthcare provider examines the rectum with a gloved finger.
- Anoscopy – A small, tube-like instrument is used to view the inside of the anus and rectum.
- Imaging – Ultrasound or MRI may be used to assess the extent of abscesses.
Treatment Options for Perianal Conditions
- Medications – Topical creams, suppositories, and pain relievers can help manage symptoms.
- Sitz Baths – Warm water baths can soothe pain and reduce inflammation.
- Surgical Drainage – Abscesses often require drainage to remove pus and alleviate pain.
- Lifestyle Changes – Increasing fibre intake and staying hydrated can prevent constipation and reduce symptoms.
